La conexión entre las percepciones de sesgos mediáticos y su influencia en la polarización afectiva: un examen en Brasil, México y Estados Unidos
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https://doi.org/10.29105/rcp3-1Palabras clave:
Brasil, México, Estados Unidos, opinión pública, efectos mediáticos, percepciones políticas, actitudes políticas, polarización afectiva, percepción hostil de los medios, influencia mediática percibida, efecto de la tercera personaResumen
Este estudio examina dos tipos de percepciones relacionadas con los medios de comunicación (percepción de los medios hostiles y percepción de tercera persona) y su relación con la polarización afectiva, o la creciente hostilidad partidista entre miembros de partidos opuestos en Brasil, México y Estados Unidos. Operacionalizando la polarización afectiva como la discrepancia estimada entre los miembros del propio partido político y los de otros en ciertos rasgos de personalidad, como la inteligencia, el preocuparse por el bienestar de la humanidad, el estar informado, o el ser tolerante, encontramos correlaciones positivas fuertes y estadísticamente significativas entre dichas percepciones y la polarización afectiva. En otras palabras, pensar que los medios están sesgados en contra del propio bando y pensar que los partidarios del otro lado son más susceptibles a la influencia sesgada de los medios, se asocia directamente con lo que uno siente acerca de los que pertenecen a otros partidos. Las implicaciones de estos hallazgos se discuten en relación con la prominencia de las percepciones de sesgos mediáticos y la polarización afectiva en países con diferentes niveles de profesionalismo mediático y polarización partidista.
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