La conexión entre las percepciones de sesgos mediáticos y su influencia en la polarización afectiva: un examen en Brasil, México y Estados Unidos

Chau Tong; Haley Winckler; Hernando Rojas

doi:10.29105/rcp3-1

Autores/as

Chau Tong University of Wisconsin-Madison https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6609-9889
Haley Winckler University of Wisconsin-Madison https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7408-8266
Hernando Rojas University of Wisconsin-Madison https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0012-4041

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29105/rcp3-1

Palabras clave:

Brasil, México, Estados Unidos, opinión pública, efectos mediáticos, percepciones políticas, actitudes políticas, polarización afectiva, percepción hostil de los medios, influencia mediática percibida, efecto de la tercera persona

Resumen

Este estudio examina dos tipos de percepciones relacionadas con los medios de comunicación (percepción de los medios hostiles y percepción de tercera persona) y su relación con la polarización afectiva, o la creciente hostilidad partidista entre miembros de partidos opuestos en Brasil, México y Estados Unidos. Operacionalizando la polarización afectiva como la discrepancia estimada entre los miembros del propio partido político y los de otros en ciertos rasgos de personalidad, como la inteligencia, el preocuparse por el bienestar de la humanidad, el estar informado, o el ser tolerante, encontramos correlaciones positivas fuertes y estadísticamente significativas entre dichas percepciones y la polarización afectiva. En otras palabras, pensar que los medios están sesgados en contra del propio bando y pensar que los partidarios del otro lado son más susceptibles a la influencia sesgada de los medios, se asocia directamente con lo que uno siente acerca de los que pertenecen a otros partidos. Las implicaciones de estos hallazgos se discuten en relación con la prominencia de las percepciones de sesgos mediáticos y la polarización afectiva en países con diferentes niveles de profesionalismo mediático y polarización partidista.

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Biografía del autor/a

Chau Tong, University of Wisconsin-Madison

Chau Tong (Ph.D., University of Wisconsin-Madison) is a Postdoctoral Associate in the Department of Communication at Cornell University. Her research interests are broadly in political communication, communication technologies and public opinion.

Haley Winckler, University of Wisconsin-Madison

Haley Winckler (BA, University of Wisconsin-Madison) graduated from the School of Journalism and Mass Communication, with a degree in strategic communication. She works in public affairs, contributing to digital and advertising campaigns for a variety of clients across multiple industries.

Hernando Rojas, University of Wisconsin-Madison

Hernando Rojas (Ph.D., University of Wisconsin-Madison) is the Centennial professor and Helen Firstbrook Franklin Chair at the School of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Wisconsin – Madison. His research focuses on communication and democratic engagement.

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